Commodore Vanderbilt's grandson, Cornelius Vanderbilt the second constructed the Breakers with architect, Richard Morris Hunt. He's was only one of the many architects on this large project. He helped construct this home in 2 years because of the high technology and engineering during the Gilded age.
The Gilded age was a period of time in the United State's history, that had economic prosperity.During this period, the United States was the number one nation in the world. In this 11 acre home, the home represents the wealth of America in the 19th Century.The Breakers was only a Summer retreat home for the Vanderbilt family.
After the summer, the staff would have a series of tasks to do. The staff had to turn off the indoor plumbing, electricity, and made sure the pipes wouldn't freeze. They made sure that the mansion be ready for the next summer.
Cornelius Vanderbilt had only lived in this home for one summer because he had a stroke the year after.He passed away because of the stroke.
Cornelius Vanderbilt the second was the grandson of the Commodore not his son. Cornelius Vanderbilt's brother is William Vanderbilt. He is the owner of Newport's Marble House.
The Marble house and the Breakers represent the enormous wealth of the Vanderbilt family. The Vanderbilt family acquired this wealth from Commodore Vanderbilt's steamboat business and Railroad business. Commodore Vanderbilt had his steamboat business when he was in his 20s. He was bringing people up and down he Hudson river. Several years later, his railroad industry revolutionized the method of transportation. he could carry people from Chicago to New York. His railroad company let to the his enormous wealth that was carried to his grandchildren.His railroad company was fueled by the Elms owner, Birdwell. Birdwell's coal industry powered railroads including Vanderbilt railroad industry.
The Breakers was a great example of Italian Renaissance architecture and French styles. This unique home had a grand ballroom, where many large parties were held. Some of the parties had three orchestras playing. There were large bedrooms, indoor plumbing and electricity. During the time of the Vanderbilts, electricity and indoor plumbing was very seldom.
The Breakers had a neat and beautiful ballroom. The ceiling had three acorns. It represent the Vanderbilt family. One represents wealth, then good fortune, and long life.
The entire home was supposed to be designed in the Italian renaissance buildings at Turnin and Genoa. Cornelius Vanderbilt II was a bank clerk working on 50 dollars a month and later became chairman of his family's railroad business.
Cornelius Vanderbilt took no chances with wood and fire , so the entire home was constructed out of stone and brick with steel beams for support structure. The ground floor was where the kitchen had a seperate wing and the heating plant was near the caretaker's cottage. It was serval hundred feet away from the Mansion. Cornelius Vanderbilt took no chances because the original breaker was burned to the ground, so he wanted his Breaker to remain stable for generations.
Cornelius Vanderbilt filled his home with artwork from Italy and France. He created a music room. The music room was filled with instruments. There was a gold painted piano near the window. His daughter would play music in this room.
When the house was first opened , there were more than 300 guests present. They were escorted into the Great Hall by Footmans. The Great Hall had a grand staircase where children could slide down on dinner plates. The stairs were also short because it allowed women with long dresses to slide down without tripping. This was important because the Vanderbilts' hosted many parties. They were very social.
Their dining room chairs were so heavy that they needed footmans to push the chair inwards. This was a elegant dining area because they had nice foods and great chairs and tables.
The Breakers were a sea front mansion. This means they had a great view of the Atlantic ocean. When you stand on their back lawn, you could feel the cool sea air.
The upstairs were the bedrooms and bathrooms. The bathroom had a tub with four knobs. Two were for hot and cold and the other two were for salt water. Wealthy families believed that batheing in salt water was healthy for your body.
Mr. Cornelius Vanderbilt's room is very plain and normal because he only stayed at the Breakers for one Summer. Then he died of a stroke.
To Be Continued
